Schisandra
| Magnolia vine | |
|---|---|
| |
| Schisandra chinensis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Austrobaileyales |
| Family: | Schisandraceae |
| Genus: | Schisandra Michx.[1] |
| Synonyms[2] | |
| |
Schisandra, the magnolia vines, is a genus of twining shrubs that generally climb on other vegetation. Various authors have included the plants in the Illiciaceae[3]
Schisandra (also spelled Schizandra) is native to Asia and North America, with a center of diversity in China.[2][4][5]
Some species are commonly grown in gardens as ornamentals. It is a hardy deciduous climber which thrives in almost any kind of soil; its preferred position is on a sheltered, shady wall. It may be propagated by cuttings of half-matured shoots in August.
Despite its common name "magnolia vine", Schisandra is not closely related to the true magnolias.
Uses
[edit]Its dried fruit is sometimes used medicinally. In China, the berries of S. chinensis are given the name wǔwèizǐ (五味子; 'five flavor fruit') because they possess all five basic flavors in Chinese herbal medicine: salty, sweet, sour, pungent (spicy), and bitter. In traditional Chinese medicine it is used as a remedy for many ailments: to resist infections, increase skin health, combat insomnia, coughing, and thirst.[6]
Species
[edit]- accepted species[2]
- Schisandra arisanensis - S China incl Taiwan
- Schisandra bicolor - Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan, Zhejiang
- Schisandra chinensis - Russian Far East, NE China, Korea, Japan
- Schisandra elongata - Java
- Schisandra glabra - Hidalgo, United States (LA AR MS AL TN KY GA FL SC NC)[7]
- Schisandra glaucescens - Chongqing, Hubei
- Schisandra grandiflora - Tibet, Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Uttarakhand
- Schisandra henryi - S China
- Schisandra incarnata - Hubei
- Schisandra lancifolia - Sichuan, Yunnan
- Schisandra longipes - Guangdong, Guangxi
- Schisandra macrocarpa - Yunnan
- Schisandra micrantha - Manipur, Yunnan, Myanmar
- Schisandra neglecta - Sikkim, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Yunnan
- Schisandra parapropinqua - Guizhou, Yunnan
- Schisandra perulata - Thailand, Vietnam
- Schisandra plena - Arunachal Pradesh, Yunnan
- Schisandra propinqua - China, Assam, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Java, Bali
- Schisandra pubescens - Sichuan, Hubei
- Schisandra pubinervis - Hubei, Sichuan
- Schisandra repanda - Korea, Japan
- Schisandra rubriflora - Arunachal Pradesh, Yunnan, Myanmar, Sichuan
- Schisandra sphaerandra - Sichuan, Yunnan
- Schisandra sphenanthera - China
- Schisandra tomentella - Sichuan
Chemistry
[edit]The extract of S. rubriflora, a native of the Yunnan province, was found to contain complex and highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids called rubriflorins A-C.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Michaux, André. 1803. Flora Boreali-Americana 2: 218–219, pl. 47.
- ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Hutchinson, J. 1973. The Families of Flowering Plants, ed. 3. Oxford. Pp. 161-162. Smith, A. C. 1947. The families Illiciaceae and Schisandraceae. Sargentia 7: 1-224.
- ^ Flora of North America vol 3
- ^ Flora of China Vol. 7 Page 41 五味子属 wu wei zi shu Schisandra Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 218. 1803.
- ^ Panossian A., Wikman G. Pharmacology of Schisandra chinensis Bail.: An overview of Russian research and uses in medicine . Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Vol 118/2 pp 183-212. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.04.020
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Schisandra glabra
- ^ Xiao, W.-L. et al.. J. Nat. Prod. 2007, Web release : May 10th.
External links
[edit]
- Schisandraceae [sensu stricto] in the Flora of North America
