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Overview of the events of 1849 in science
The year 1849 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Édouard Roche finds the limiting radius of tidal destruction and tidal creation for a body held together only by its self gravity, called the Roche limit , and uses it to explain why Saturn 's rings do not condense into a satellite.March 10 – George Henry Corliss is granted a United States patent for the rotary valve Corliss steam engine .
April 10 – Walter Hunt is granted a United States patent for the modern safety pin .[ 5] [ 6]
May 22 – Abraham Lincoln's patent : Abraham Lincoln is granted a United States patent for a buoyancy mechanism to lift boats over river shoals, the only patent ever granted to a President of the United States .[ 7]
June 12 – Lewis Haslett is granted the first United States patent for a form of gas mask .[ 8]
June 20 – First tube of Robert Stephenson 's Britannia Bridge is floated into position on the Menai Strait for the Chester and Holyhead Railway 's North Wales Coast Line with many leading British railway civil engineers present.[ 9]
Completion of Wheeling Suspension Bridge over the Ohio River at Wheeling, West Virginia , designed by Charles Ellet , with a world record main span (at this date) of 1,010 ft (310 m) tower to tower.
Completion of Roebling's Delaware Aqueduct , a wire suspension bridge carrying the Delaware and Hudson Canal over the Delaware River between Minisink Ford, New York , and Lackawaxen, Pennsylvania , designed by Russell F. Lord and John A. Roebling with a span of 535 ft (175 m).
Eugene Bourdon patents the Bourdon gauge for pressure measurement in France.[ 10]
David Brewster perfects the stereoscope .Erastus Biglow first applies power to a carpet weaving loom , in the United States.
James B. Francis develops the radial flow Francis turbine .March 7 – Luther Burbank (died 1926 ), American plant breeder .
March 17 – Cornelia Clapp (died 1934 ),, American marine biologist.[ 12]
April 19 – John Uri Lloyd (died 1936 ), American pharmacist and science fiction author.
April 25 – Felix Klein (died 1925 ), German mathematician .
May 25 – Louise Hammarström (died 1917 ), Swedish chemist .
May 26 – Ernst Remak (died 1911 ), German neurologist .
July 12 – William Osler (died 1919 ), Canadian physician .
July 27 – John Hopkinson (died 1898 ), English electrical engineer .
September 14 – Ivan Pavlov (died 1936 ), Russian physiologist .
October 26 – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius (died 1917 ), German mathematician.
^ Berthold, A. A. (1849). "Transplantation der Hoden". Arch. Anat. Physiol. Wiss. Med . 16 : 42–6. ^ Petrunkevitch, Alexander (1920). "Russia's Contribution to Science". Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Sciences . 23 : 232. ^ "History of Chirality" . Stheno Corporation. 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-03-07. Retrieved 2007-03-12 .^ Hempel, Sandra (2006). The Medical Detective: John Snow and the mystery of cholera . London: Granta Books. ISBN 9781862078420 ^ "Walter Hunt... Dress-Pin: Specification of Letters Patent No. 6,281" . United States Patent and Trademark Office. 1849-04-10. Retrieved 2011-12-05 .^ "Walter Hunt" . National Inventors Hall of Fame. 2002. Archived from the original on 2011-08-05. Retrieved 2011-12-05 .^ "Letters Patent No. 6,469" . Google Patents . Retrieved 2011-12-29 .^ US 6529 Christianson, Scott (2010). Fatal Airs: The Deadly History and Apocalyptic Future of Lethal Gases that Threaten Our World . ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313385520 ^ "Britannia Bridge" . Engineering Timelines . Retrieved 2014-06-10 .^ Bellis, Mary. "Bourdon Tube Pressure Gauge" . Inventors . About.com. Archived from the original on January 19, 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-19 . ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 23 July 2020 .^ Reynolds, Moira Davison (2004). American Women Scientists: 23 Inspiring Biographies, 1900-2000 . Jefferson NC: McFarland. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-78642-161-9 ^ Constantin von Wurzbach, ed. (1874). BLKÖ:Rusconi, Maurus Wikisource . scan
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