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Johann Baptist Neruda

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Johann Baptist Georg Neruda (Czech: Jan Křtitel Jiří Neruda, c. 1708 – c. 1780) was a Czech classical composer, violinist and cellist.

Life

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Neruda's dates of birth and death are only approximations (1708 according to the Grove Dictionary, other sources list 1707[1] or 1710[2]). He was born in Rosice in Bohemia (today the Czech Republic), but it is unclear in which Rosice (either in Rosice near Chrudim or in today's part of Pardubice)[3] to a well-respected musical family.

After spending his earlier years gaining a good reputation as a violinist and conductor in Prague and German lands, Neruda became Konzertmeister of the Dresden court orchestra.[4] He died in Dresden around 1780. His sons Antonín and Ludvík were also members of Staatskapelle Dresden. Organist Josef Neruda was his great-grandson. Cellist Franz Xaver Neruda was his great-great-grandson. Violinists Wilma Neruda and Maria Neruda were his great-great-granddaughters.[citation needed]

Works

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His compositional output includes eighteen symphonies, fourteen instrumental concertos (including a trumpet and a bassoon concerto), sonatas, sacred works and an opera Les Troqueurs. One of the composer's most significant works is the Concerto in E-flat for Trumpet and Strings written for Johann Georg Knechtel.[4] Originally written for the "corno da caccia" or "post horn" using only the high register, it is now rarely performed on anything other than an E-flat or B-flat trumpet.

Incidentally, the Corno da Caccia for which Neruda wrote is not to be confused with the 4-valved hunting horn which has recently been given the same name. The manuscript for this piece is in the National Library in Prague, along with several other unusual works for brass instruments.

Legacy

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The Neruda crater on Mercury is named in honour of both him and fellow Czech, the poet, journalist, writer and art critic Jan Neruda.[5]

References

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  1. ^ "Neruda, Jan Křtitel Jiří, asi 1707-1780". Bibliography of the History of the Czech Lands (in Czech). Institute of History of the Czech Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  2. ^ "Jan Jiří Neruda z Rosic, významný hudebník 18. století" (in Czech). Klub přátel Pardubicka. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  3. ^ "Neruda, Jan Křtitel Jiří". Český hudební slovník osob a institucí (in Czech). Faculty of Arts of the Masaryk University. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  4. ^ a b Koehler, Elisa (2015). A Dictionary for the Modern Trumpet Player. Scarecrow Press. p. 120. ISBN 978-0810886575.
  5. ^ "Planetary Names". planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov. Retrieved 14 October 2023.

Bibliography

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  • Neruda, Johann Baptist Georg; Annegret Rosenmüller (2006). Sei sonate a tre für Violino I, Violino II und Basso continuo. Beeskow: Ortus. OCLC 70912463.
  • Ottenberg, Hans-Günter; Zdenka Pilková (1984). The Symphony in Dresden: ten symphonies. New York: Garland. ISBN 0-8240-3850-9. Contains a symphony in A written between 1745 and 1770 by Neruda (name given as Jan Křtitel Jiří Neruda)
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