Talk:Didrik Pining

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Sources

What exactly Pining did on his voyage seems to be controversial, but I don't where the author found the source that Pining discovered America. Salasks 05:37, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Sources e.g.:

McGhee, Robert: in Beaver. Northern approaches. (cover story), Jun/Jul92, Vol. 72 Issue
Pini, Paul: Der Hildesheimer Didrik Pining als Entdecker Amerikas, als Admiral und als Gouverneur von Island im Dienste der Könige von Dänemark, Norwegen und Schweden / von Paul Pini. - Hildesheim; Lax, 1971
Sophus Larsen: The Discovery of North America Twenty years Before Columbus, 1925
Berdichevsky, Norman. The role of "sibling rivalry" in the "(re)discovery" of America controversy. Journal of Cultural Geography 12/1 (1991): 59-68. National competitiveness among Spain, Portugal, Sweden, and Denmark led in the period 1425- 1476 to a joint expedition by the Danes and Portuguese involving Pothorst, Pining, and Corte Real which discovered the North American mainland
Gunnar GUNNARSON, Das Rätsel um Didrik Pining, Stuttgart 1939
Helge Ingstad: The Norse Discovery of America Volume two
The Dansk Biografisk Leksikon (vol. XI, pp. 381, 459)
Dietrich KOHL, Dietrich Pining und Hans Pothorst. Zwei Schiffsführer aus den Tagen der Hanse und der großen Entdeckungen, in: Hansische Geschichtsblätter ll. 57, 1932, page 152
Johannes Heinrich GEBAUER, Der Hildesheimer Dietrich Pining als nordischer Seeheld und Entdecker, in: Alt-Hildesheim Issue 12, 1933, pages 3-18
Anton Josef Knott, Günther E.H. Baumann, Hans Schlotter: 20 Jahre vor Columbus landete der Hildesheimer Dietrich Pining in Amerika, Hildesheim 1992, 10 S
website: german articel

etc. pp ...

Heimdallr 21:56, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Kirsten A. Seaver: The Frozen Echo: Greenland and the Exploration of North America, ca. A.D. 1000-1500, Stanford University Press 1996, p. 200: "While there is plenty of evidence that they were notable sea captains ... there is nothing to show that they were engaged in a voyage of exploration at any time ..." --Hans-Jürgen Hübner (talk) 09:49, 21 April 2010 (UTC)[reply]

Did Pining discover America?

It does not appear that this hypothesis is universally accepted by scholars:

THE GERMAN DISCOVERY OF AMERICA: A REVIEW OF THE CONTROVERSY OVER DIDRIK PINING’S VOYAGE OF EXPLORATION IN 1473 IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC

- Tantalizingly, Martin Behaim's Erdapfel globe of 1492 -- made before Columbus's return from America, shows islands to the south of Greenland.

I suggest that the statements asserting he discovered America be qualified by saying that "some believe" or something similar. older≠wiser 16:12, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)

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More sources

Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580

By Bailey Wallys Diffie, George Davison Winius · 1977

https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Foundations_of_the_Portuguese_Empire_141/hBTqPX4G9Y4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Sofus+Larsen+pining&pg=PA449&printsec=frontcover

"Vaz Corte-Real with the known voyage of two Danish seamen, Pining and Pothorst, and with a trip by Johannes Skolp (Scolvus) in 1476, rest on no substantial information, though they have been widely discussed by numerous historians. Nor does anything indicate that the Pining-Pothorst or the Scolvus sailings went beyond Greenland, a well-known area in the fifteenth century.32 The chief proponent of the joao Vaz-Pining-Pothorst voyage was Sofus Larsen. Since neither Larsen nor any other historian has produced any evidence to show a common voyage by the three, there seems no reason to dwell on the overwhelming reason for rejecting the voyage. There is no known record of it in archives in Portugal or Denmark."

Exploring Polar Frontiers A Historical Encyclopedia · Volume 2By William James Mills · 2003 https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Exploring_Polar_Frontiers/PYdBH4dOOM4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Sofus+Larsen+pining&pg=PA185&printsec=frontcover

"Scholars dispute the extent of contact with Greenland during the late Middle Ages, after voyages to Norway ceased in 1410. Sofus Larsen (1925) has claimed that Christian 1, king of Denmark (1448-1481), comm issioned Didrik Pining, Hans Pothorst, and pilot Johannes Scolvus to take two Portuguese emissaries to Danish lands west of the Atlantic Ocean about 1470. According to Larsen, this expedition certainly reached Greenland and possibly Labrador and Newfoundland. Recent scholars are generally skeptical, believing that third-hand accounts of voyages by these figures and by the Portuguese Jo3o Vaz Corte-Real have been conflated into one and that there is very little reason to believe that any of these figures made such a voyage, with the possible exception of Scolvus, who may just possibly have explored west of Greenland.

Denmark and the Crusades, 1400-1650 By Janus Møller Jensen · 2007 https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Denmark_and_the_Crusades_1400_1650/w-GvCQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Sofus+Larsen+pining&pg=PA186&printsec=frontcover too much to copy without copyvio.

The Frozen Echo Greenland and the Exploration of North America, Ca. A.D. 1000-1500 By Kirsten A. Seaver · https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Frozen_Echo/5qonlDkZW3MC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Sofus+Larsen+pining&pg=PA200&printsec=frontcover again copyvio issues, I do have the book. Doug Weller talk 13:51, 16 December 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Citations: ^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4]

References

^ Seaver, Kirsten A. (1996). The Frozen Echo: Greenland and the Exploration of North America, ca. A.D. 1000-1500. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-3161-4. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
^ Jensen, Janus Møller (30 April 2007). Denmark and the Crusades, 1400-1650. BRILL. p. 181. ISBN 978-90-474-1984-6. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
^ Mills, William James (2003). Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 185. ISBN 978-1-57607-422-0. Retrieved 16 December 2022.
^ Diffie, Bailey Wallys (1977). Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580. U of Minnesota Press. p. 449. ISBN 978-0-8166-0782-2. Retrieved 16 December 2022.

[Seaver-1] Seaver, Kirsten A. (1996). The Frozen Echo: Greenland and the Exploration of North America, ca. A.D. 1000-1500. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-3161-4. Retrieved 16 December 2022.

[2] Jensen, Janus Møller (30 April 2007). Denmark and the Crusades, 1400-1650. BRILL. p. 181. ISBN 978-90-474-1984-6. Retrieved 16 December 2022.

[3] Mills, William James (2003). Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 185. ISBN 978-1-57607-422-0. Retrieved 16 December 2022.

[4] Diffie, Bailey Wallys (1977). Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580. U of Minnesota Press. p. 449. ISBN 978-0-8166-0782-2. Retrieved 16 December 2022.

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